Santeria is an oral religion, passed from godfather or godmother to godchild. The godfathers are established santeros and the relationship is for life. Thus when initiated the godchildren become part of the godparents house. The participants then have to answer to Olodumare and Orisha for their actions.

There are many different kind of ebos (offerings) in the religion, and they varied according to the occasion. many such offerings can include candies, cigars, rum or other items or orations that may be appreciated by the particular Orisha. Animals are also offered in especial occasions or when a priest is consecrated in the service of the religion. Also animal sacrifices are called for when there is sickness or serious misfortune. Animal sacrifices must be performed by a santero and are essential for winning favor with the gods.

Possession in trance plays an integral part of the Santeria religion. This occurs during a bembe, a drumming Orisha party. Each Orisha has his or her particular "toque" or drum pattern, which is then played in their honor. Many times during the bembe an Orisha can be persuaded to "mount" or enter the body of a santero, if enticed by the appropriate 'toque.'

Other forms of divination include the table of Ifa, an instrument used by the Babalawos who are the high priests of the Santeria religion. The Babalawos get their power from Orunla, the Orisha who owns the Table of Ifa, the Babalawos main tool of divination.